Burma v Myanmar – what's in a
name?
Obama sidesteps
political storm by referring to former pariah as both Burma and Myanmar
By Jason Burke
of guardian.co.uk,
Monday 19 November 2012
What's in a
name? A lot if you're a south-east Asian country emerging from decades of
military dictatorship.
The British,
during their time as colonial overlords, referred to Burma
and to its principal city Rangoon. Early independence fighters did not see any
problem with this, nor for several decades did the army generals who took power
in 1962.
But, after
widespread pro-democracy protests in 1988, things changed and Burma
became Myanmar, or, more specifically, the Republic of the Union of Myanmar;
Rangoon became Yangon.
Some countries
recognised the change. Others, such as the US and the UK, did not. As both
names are used in the country – Burma is more popular, Myanmar is more literary
– the decision was rooted more in a desire to show disapproval for the noxious
regime.
President
Barack Obama had reportedly considered avoiding either name but in the end used
both Burma and Myanmar on Monday during his short visit to the country.
The use of the
latter pleased his hosts – the Myanmar presidential adviser, Ko Ko Hlaing,
called the wording "very positive" and an "acknowledgement of
Myanmar's government" – but White House officials were quick to play down
the move as a "diplomatic courtesy".
The debate is
almost exclusively confined to the English language. The national anthem still
refers to bama pyi or the "country of Burma".
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